Labiaplasty is often referred to as labioplasty or labial reduction. This cosmetic surgery focuses on the labia majora and/or labia minora. These four folds of skin and tissue reside near the vulva, and labiaplasty reduces their size. Labiaplasty may be performed for a variety of reasons including: pain or discomfort, damage from childbirth, or for cosmetic reasons.